What are the Symptoms of Macular Degeneration

Macular degeneration is a disease that affects the macula, the central part of the retina responsible for sharp, detailed vision. As you age, the macula can become damaged or deteriorate, leading to a gradual loss of central vision. This condition is often referred to as age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and is the leading cause of vision loss in people over the age of 50 in developed countries.

Types of Macular Degeneration

There are two main types of macular degeneration:

1. Dry Macular Degeneration: This is the most common form of macular degeneration, accounting for about 90% of cases. It is characterized by the gradual buildup of yellow deposits called drusen in the macula, which can lead to a slow, progressive loss of central vision.

2. Wet Macular Degeneration: This is a less common but more severe form of the disease. It is caused by the growth of abnormal blood vessels under the macula, which can leak fluid and bleed, leading to rapid vision loss.

Causes of Macular Degeneration

The exact cause of macular degeneration is not fully understood, but several risk factors have been identified:

Age: The risk of developing macular degeneration increases significantly with age, with the condition being most common in people over the age of 60.
Genetics: Certain genetic factors and family history can increase your risk of developing macular degeneration.
Lifestyle Factors: Smoking, obesity, high blood pressure, and a diet low in antioxidants and healthy fats can all contribute to the development of macular degeneration.

Common Symptoms of Macular Degeneration

The symptoms of macular degeneration can vary depending on the type and stage of the disease. Some of the most common symptoms include:

Blurred or Distorted Central Vision: This is one of the earliest and most noticeable symptoms of macular degeneration. You may notice that straight lines appear wavy or distorted, and objects in the center of your vision may appear blurred or hazy.
Difficulty Seeing Fine Details: As the macula deteriorates, you may find it increasingly challenging to read, recognize faces, or perform tasks that require sharp, detailed vision.
Decreased Sensitivity to Contrast and Colors: Macular degeneration can make it harder to distinguish between different shades of color and contrast, making it more difficult to navigate in low-light conditions or to see the edges of steps or curbs.
Blind Spots in the Central Vision: As the disease progresses, you may develop one or more blind spots in the center of your visual field, which can significantly impact your ability to perform everyday tasks.
Difficulty Adapting to Changes in Lighting: People with macular degeneration may find it challenging to adjust to sudden changes in lighting, such as going from a bright room to a dimly lit one.

The Importance of Early Detection Through Regular Eye Exams

Regular eye exams are crucial for the early detection and management of macular degeneration. During these examinations, your eye doctor can perform tests to identify the presence and type of macular degeneration, monitor the progression of the disease, and recommend appropriate treatment options, if necessary.

Early detection is essential because it allows for timely intervention and the implementation of strategies to slow the progression of the disease and preserve your remaining vision. By being proactive about your eye health, you can take steps to manage macular degeneration and maintain your quality of life.

Schedule Your Next Comprehensive Eye Exam with Rieger Eyecare Group Today

If you are experiencing any of the symptoms associated with macular degeneration, it is essential to seek medical attention from an optometrist as soon as possible. Early diagnosis and treatment can make a significant difference in preserving your vision and quality of life.

To learn more on macular degeneration or to schedule a comprehensive eye exam, visit Rieger Eyecare Group at our office in Normal, Illinois, or call (309) 320-2020 to book an appointment today.